A single bond is less reactive than double bond. It is because the second covalent bond is weaker. It allows the electrons to move around more freely. Because there are two highly reactive weak bonds among the three. Similarly, triple bonds are even more reactive.Crude oil, natural gas, and coal are all examples of hydrocarbons. These are organic compounds made up of hydrogen and carbon. Hydrocarbons are highly flammable and the world’s primary energy source. Furthermore, Gasoline, jet fuel, propane, kerosene, and diesel are just a few of the products they can be used for.
Method of naming Hydrocarbons
A hydrocarbon is a chemical compound. It consists of hydrogen and carbon atoms. Natural-occurring hydrocarbons are the foundations of crude oil, natural gas, coal, and other important power sources. Therefore, Hydrocarbons are highly flammable, releasing carbon dioxide, water, and heat when burned. As a result, hydrocarbons are a very effective fuel source.
What’s the best way to name organic compounds?
Prefix + Root + Suffix
-ane, -ene, -yne, or indicate type of functional group (ketone = -one)
# carbons in the main chain; memorise root names
What is connected to the primary chain? (alkyl group)
STEP 1:
Firstly, it is necessary to locate the source of the problem. Identify the hydrocarbon’s longest chain or ring. If the hydrocarbon is an alkene or an alkyne, make sure the main chain contains any multiple bonds. It’s important to keep in mind that the chain doesn’t have to be in a straight line. Therefore, to find the root, count the number of carbon atoms in the main chain. Finally, if the compound is cyclic, precede the root with the prefix –cyclo-.
Dashes separate Numbers and words.
Separating numbers with commas
For instance,
CH2—CH3
H3—C—CH2—CH3
CH3
H3C—C==C—CH2—CH3
CH3
CH3
STEP 2
Determine the suffix:
Use the suffix –ane. In case, the hydrocarbon is an alkane. If the hydrocarbon is an alkene, use –ene. If the hydrocarbon is an alkyne, use –yne. Finally, use the prefix di-(2) or tri-(3) before the suffix to indicate the number of multiple bonds if there are more than one double or triple bond.
For instance;
HC==CH—CH2—CH3
CH3—C==C—C==C—CH3
STEP 3
Firstly, assign each atom in the main chain to a position. Afterward, begin at the end and work your way down to the lowest possible position number for the double or triple bond, if one exists. Finally, if there isn’t a double or triple bond, number the compound. So that the branches have the smallest position numbers possible.
STEP 4:
Look for the prefix:
Finally, each branch is given an alkyl group name and a position number. Write the names of the branches in alphabetical order if there is more than one. After the position numbers and names of the branches, just before the root, but the position number of any double or triple bonds. This is an adverbial adverbialadverbial
Example:
CH3
HC—CH—CH2—CH3
H3C—C
CH3
Step 5:
Assemble the name:
Prefix + Root + Suffix.
